 |
Basketball
|
|
HISTORY 1891 Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in Springfield, Mass. Naismith had been asked to come up with an indoor game free of rough play for the football and lacrosse players during the winter. A team consisted of 9 players. The first baskets used were peach baskets and the first balls used were soccer balls. 1895 The backboard was introduced to prevent fans from interfering with play (baskets were often hung on balconies). 1936 Basketball was played for the first time as an official Olympic sport. HISTORY OF WOMEN”S BASKETBALL Women began playing basketball in 1892. Senda Berenson, was the foremother of women's basketball. Berenson read an article that Naismith wrote and wondered if the game would be a good activity for women. At the time, "gender equity" didn't exist, women were thought to be too fragile for physical exercise. Even Berenson worried that women might suffer from "nervous fatigue" if games were too strenuous. So she adapted the rules to make it easier for women to play. She divided the court into three sections and required the players to stay in their assigned areas. To insure womanly decorum among her pupils, Berenson forbade snatching the ball, holding it for more than three seconds, or dribbling it more than three times. Barely 11 months after Berenson introduced the game at Smith College, the first official game between two institutions took place. The rules depended on where it was played and committees met endlessly to discuss regulations. Not until 1924 did women self-govern their basketball competitions. The three-section court wasn't reduced to two sections until 1938. CHANGES IN THE GAME FOR WOMEN 1971-72 Women's rule changed the number of players on a team from 6 players to 5. 1976 Women’s basketball becomes an official Olympic sport. 1984-85 NCAA approves a smaller basketball for women. 1997 The Women’s National Basketball Association starts its first season with 8 teams. PRESENT RULES AND REGULATIONS THE COURT Side-line and end-line Regulation court is 50 feet by 90 feet Center Jump Circle 3 Point Arc-19’9” from the center of the rim Lane Lines/Free Throws -Foul line is 15 feet from the backboard Key or Paint Rim is 10 feet from the floor OBJECTIVE To shoot the ball through your opponents basket RULES Dribbling Rules Traveling No more than two steps without a dribble Double Dribble Dribbling with two hands at the same time or dribbling, stopping and dribbling again Carry Illegal Dribble 5 second rule Once a player has stopped dribbling they have 5 seconds to shoot at the basket or pass to a teammate. 3 seconds in the key- No offensive player may stay in the key for more than 3 seconds at a time. Alternate possession- On every jump ball the possession alternates between the two teams. In-bounding the ball- The player in-bounding the ball must remain behind the boundary line and throw the ball in to a player on her team. You have 5 seconds to in-bound the ball and when the official hands you the ball you may not move or dribble the ball.The ball must also be in-bounded after a made basket. The official does not have to handle the ball and players may move along the baseline to in-bound the ball. 30 second Shot Clock Each time a team has possession of the ball they have 30 seconds to bring the ball down the court and take a shot at the basket. The ball must make contact with the rim to be considered a shot attempt. FOULS A foul is putting another player at a disadvantage by holding, pushing, slapping or tripping them. Each individual has a limit of five Personal Fouls. On the fifth foul they are disqualified from the game. They must leave the game and are not allowed to re-enter. Shooting Foul- A shooting foul is when you foul someone while they are in the act of shooting the ball at the basket. Non-Shooting Foul- A non-shooting foul is when you foul someone while they are not in the act of shooting (passing, dribbling, rebounding). OFFENSE Positions: Guards Bring the ball down on offense, do most of the dribbling and passing. Forwards/Center Play closer to the basket for shooting and rebounding. DEFENSE Objective is to keep the other team from scoring. Position- Stay between the girl you are guarding and the basket she is trying to score at. Stance- Stay low with knees bent and keep your weight forward on your feet so that you can move with the offensive player. Slide- Sliding your feet quickly so that you can stay in good defensive position. Man to man defense- Responsible for one person and defend them the entire time wherever they go. Zone- Responsible for a particular area on the floor. 2-3, 2-1-2, 3-2, and 1-3-1 zones is the most common. There are also defenses that combine man to man and zone concepts. Box and 1 defense is 4 people in a box shaped zone and 1 person playing man to man defense. Triangle and 2 defense is 3 people playing a triangle shaped zone and 2 people playing man to man defense.
Physical Education Department
Buffalo Academy of the Sacred Heart
3860 Main St.
Buffalo, N.Y. 14226
 |
