Chapter 5
NEW IDEAS CHANGE COMMUNITIES
Following are some supplemental books recommended by the publisher, although we can't guarantee you'll be able to find them in a book store. You'd have a better chance at a library, due to the publication dates.
Alexander Graham Bell: An Inventive Life, by Elizabeth MacLeod (1999)
A Street Through Time: A 12,000-Year Walk Through History, by Anne Millard (1998)
A City Album, by Peter and Connie Roop (1999)
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Information presented during the week of February 13
READING AND THINKING SKILLS
*Compare and Contrast
Comparing and contrasting can help people understand information and make decisions.
To compare is to tell how things are alike.
To contrast is to tell how things are different.
We can use a drawing called a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast. Two circles overlap each other. Write the differences in the outer parts of the circles, and the similarities where the circles connect.
MAKING COMMUNITIES SAFER
*Improving City Life
In the 1880's many large cities, such as Chicago, were overcrowded and unhealthy. To correct these problems, Jane Addams worked with other Chicago citizens to pass new laws. In 1889 she opened Hull House, a place where people could get the help they needed to improve their lives.
*Discoveries in Health
Scientists worked hard to improve the health of citizens.
In the 1860's Louis Pasteur found a way to destroy germs in our food. The process of using heat to make something free of germs is now called pasteurization. The food we’re most used to hearing this about is milk.
In the 1940's Charles Drew learned how to store blood. He created the American Red Cross Blood Program.
In the 1950's Jonas Salk made a vaccine to stop polio, a serious disease.
*Community Safety
Many people work together so your community is a safe and healthy place to live. These helpers include scientists, doctors, and people in your school and government.
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Information presented during the week of February 6
INVENTIONS SHAPE COMMUNITIES *The Great Chicago Fire
On October 8, 1871, a fire started in southwest Chicago and quickly spread. In less than 24 hours, most of the city had been destroyed.
*A New City Takes Shape
After the Great Chicago Fire, the city was rebuilt. In 1885 the first skyscraper, William Le Baron Jenney’s Home Insurance Company Building, was built there. Building skyscrapers depended on some important inventors and their inventions: Elisha Otis - the elevator; Thomas Edison - the light bulb; Henry Bessemer and Andrew Carnegie, working separately - a way to turn iron into steel.
*The Changing Face of Cities
