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Español » Spanish 7 » The Preterit tense


The Preterit tense The Preterit tense
Past tense like an -ed ending

Preterit: Part I Regular Verbs

The preterite is used for past actions that are seen as completed. You also learned how to conjugate regular -ar verbs. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate -er and -ir verbs, and become more familiar with the uses of the preterite.


To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite, simply drop the ending (-ar) and add one of the following:

é
aste
ó
amos
asteis
aron


To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite, simply drop the ending (-er or -ir) and add one of the following:

í
iste

emos (er) imos (ir)
x

ieron


Here are all three regular preterite verb forms together:

hablar

comer

vivir

 

 

 

hablé

comí

viví

hablaste

comiste

viviste

habló

comió

vivió

hablamos

comemos

vivimos

x

x

x

hablaron

comieron

vivieron

.

 Uh-oh...............

These four verbs are irregular; you must memorize them:

    ser

    fui
    fuiste
    fue
    fuimos
    x

    fueron


    ir

    fui
    fuiste
    fue
    fuimos
    x

    fueron


    dar

    di
    diste
    dio
    dimos
    x

    dieron

    hacer

    hice
    hiciste
    hizo
    hicimos
    x

    hicieron

-ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.

    Present

    entender
    entiendo
    entiendes
    entiende
    entendemos
    x

    entienden

    Preterite

    entender
    entendí
    entendiste
    entendió
    entendimos
    x
    entendieron




    Present

    cerrar
    cierro
    cierras
    cierra
    cerramos
    x

    cierran




    Preterite

    cerrar
    cerré
    cerraste
    cerró
    cerramos
    x
    cerraron

-ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but in a different way. They change e:i and o:u in the third person, singular and plural.

    Present

    preferir
    prefiero
    prefieres
    prefiere
    preferimos
    x

    prefieren

    Preterite

    preferir
    preferí
    preferiste
    prefirió
    preferimos
    x
    prefirieron




    Present

    dormir
    duermo
    duermes
    duerme
    dormimos
    x

    duermen




    Preterite

    dormir
    dormí
    dormiste
    durmió
    dormimos
    x

    durmieron


Let's add two more flashcards for stem-changing verbs in the preterite.:

Verb Flashcards

-ar and -er stem-changing verbs do not change in the preterite

    cerrar entender
       
    cerré entendí
    cerraste entendiste
    cerró entendió
       
    cerramos entendimos
    x x
       
    cerraron entendieron

-ir stem-changing verbs do change in the preterite (e:i and o:u third person singular and plural)

    preferir dormir
       
    preferí dormí
    preferiste dormiste
    prefirió durmió
       
    preferimos dormimos
    x x
       
    prefirieron durmieron



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Ms. Hernandez
St. Francis-St. Stephen School
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Geneva, NY 14456
315-789-1828